Brain Myths Exploded: Lessons from Neuroscience

Overview

Team up with a brain expert and use the needle of neuroscience to burst popular myths about memory, dreams, and more. Much of the layperson’s knowledge of the brain is predicated on a lack of understanding about this mysterious organ. To start building a more straightforward, accurate understanding of current breakthroughs in neuroscience, you have to start by shattering popular brain myths.

Each of these 24 lectures takes as its focus a single powerful, prevalent brain myth, and uses it as a launch pad from which to explore myriad topics in neuroscience: decision making, memory, dreams, emotions, neuroplasticity, consciousness, mental illness, and much more. Our memory is an accurate, objective record of the past. Our senses reflect the world as it really exists. Our dreams have hidden meanings. We are only using 10% of our total brain power. Modern technology (including social media) is making us less intelligent.

Dr. Viskontas doesn’t just settle for obliterating these and other myths. Instead, she replaces them with scientific facts gathered from experiments, research, and case studies. The result is an eye-opening adventure into the latest understanding of why the brain works the way it does. Whatever order you enjoy these lectures in, you’ll be left with insights that will help you better determine the hard scientific truths behind the breaking news (and myths) of tomorrow.

Course Structure

01: Is Your Brain Perfectly Designed?

Begin the course by debunking one of the most fundamental myths about the human brain. Along the way, discover how our brains are shaped by evolution and experience, which neurons are responsible for self-awareness and motor coordination, and why the brain is still very much a work in progress.
Duration: 33 min

02: Are Bigger Brains Smarter?

When it comes to brains, size doesn’t matter as much as you think. Here, explore concepts including the Encephalization quotient (which compares brain mass to body mass), the “g” factor (a long-sought-after standard of cognitive ability), and the lessons scientists have learned from studying the brain of Albert Einstein.
Duration: 30 min

03: Is Mental Illness Just a Chemical Imbalance?

According to Dr. Viskontas, major psychiatric illnesses aren’t just the result of chemical concentrations in the brain. The focus of this lecture is an intriguing exploration of two disorders that have proven to be far more complicated and nuanced in our understanding of mental illness: schizophrenia and depression.
Duration: 32 min

04: Are Creative People Right-Brained?

Think your brain is divided into a creative side and an analytical side? Think again. The two hemispheres of your brain are actually quite interconnected. Discover what neuroimaging has revealed about the way our brains think and create, and why it’s all about collaboration—not competition.
Duration: 28 min

05: How Different Are Male and Female Brains?

We’re always hearing about studies that find significant differences in the brains of men and women. How should we be thinking about gender differences in the brain? How are these differences misinterpreted? What are the differences in the male and female amygdala and hippocampus? Which genders express which emotions more openly?
Duration: 31 min

06: How Accurate Is Your Memory?

In this lecture that unpacks the accuracy of your memories, learn how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved in the brain; examine how Alzheimer’s disease and amnesia affect the brain’s ability to remember; and explore the “Seven Sins of Memory,” including absentmindedness, memory blocking, and misattribution.
Duration: 30 min

07: Do You Only Use 10% of Your Brain?

Are you using your brain to its fullest potential? Here, clear up some of the mystery about how much of our brain power we’re using. As you’ll learn, you use a lot more of your brain than you think, whether you’re practicing a new skill or simply zoning out in front of the television.
Duration: 30 min

08: Do You Perceive the World as It Really Is?

According to Dr. Viskontas, the biggest myth about our senses is that they reflect the world as it actually is. Using vision as an example, discover how your sensory system uses shortcuts and fills in details to create, from portions of the environment, the illusion that you’re perceiving reality objectively.
Duration: 29 min

09: Is Your Brain Too Smart for Magic Tricks?

We’ve all been fooled by a magic trick at one point or another. But we rarely stop to think about how magicians are simply manipulating pre-existing shortcomings in our minds. Here, explore some of the neurological principles magicians rely on, including selective attention, inattention blindness, and change blindness.
Duration: 30 min

10: Is Your Brain Objective?

Contrary to what you might believe, we don’t weight evidence equally before building personal beliefs. Instead, we’re beholden to confirmation bias. Is this a bug our brains could do without? Is it an evolutionary advantage? Can it also lead to sublime experiences (like appreciating a piece of music)?
Duration: 31 min

11: Do You Have 5 Independent Senses?

Discover why your senses aren’t as separate as you think—and why you actually have more than five. Topics in this lecture include proprioception (sensing where you are) and synesthesia (a neurological condition in which the stimulation of one sense causes the involuntary activation of a different sense).
Duration: 28 min

12: Can Certain Foods Make You Smarter?

In this lecture on “brain food,” consider the scientific truths behind the food fads that make headlines; test out the myths associated with foods like fish oil, vitamins, power drinks, chocolate, and tea; and ponder the potential of smart pills (known as nootropics) such as Adderall and Ritalin.
Duration: 31 min

13: Can Brain Games Make You Smarter?

An increased focus among scientists on neuroplasticity (changes in the brain’s biology) has led to a flurry of brain-training games and tools aimed at improving our cognitive skills. Here, probe the potential of these games, and consider some alternate ways to train your brain, including exercising and socializing.
Duration: 30 min

14: Does Your Brain Shut Down during Sleep?

What, exactly, happens when you fall asleep? Why do our brains need sleep in order to function? What are some of the neurological dangers of not getting enough sleep? What are the sleep patterns of other animals, and how do they compare to our own? Dr. Viskontas provides some answers.
Duration: 28 min

15: Are Your Decisions Rational?

When we make decisions, we’re actually swayed by things that any truly rational human being would ignore. Why do our brains work this way? Explore the “mental laziness” hardwired into our nature, and why we easily fall prey to superficial judgments. Central to this idea: the brain’s two thinking systems.
Duration: 29 min

16: Are You Always Conscious while Awake?

In this lecture, probe the eternal “problem” of consciousness—perhaps the most difficult topic in all of neuroscience. How have scientists tried to determine what consciousness is and how it works? Along the way, examine several theories, including the intriguing idea that consciousness is nothing more than a neural afterthought.
Duration: 31 min

17: Are Other Animals Conscious?

Continue exploring consciousness with a consideration of its appearance in other animals. Scientific studies in animals ranging from primates to octopi have uncovered some illuminating insights into how animals can potentially show complex behaviors (including compassion, self-recognition, and generosity) we typically associate exclusively with conscious humans.
Duration: 29 min

18: Can You Multitask Efficiently?

Multitasking is a critical skill in today’s world. But does it really work as well as you think? Dr. Viskontas lays bare the neurology of the multitasker and uses key studies to draw several powerful conclusions, including that doing two things at once is impossible when both tasks require your conscious attention.
Duration: 30 min

19: Are Dreams Meaningful?

Consider some of the potential roots (and purposes) of dreams and how neuroscientists study them. While dreams continue to remain mysterious, some theories posit that dreams play a role in consolidating your memory, and that they can be driven by emotional events (including traumatic ones).
Duration: 31 min

20: Can Brain Scans Read Your Mind?

Discover what neuroimaging can—and can’t—tell us about how the human mind works. First, examine what brain scans are actually showing us. Then, consider three regions of the brain prone to common misunderstanding in the media: the amygdala, the reward circuitry, and the prefrontal cortex.
Duration: 30 min

21: Can Adult Brains Change for the Better?

Just because you’re an adult doesn’t mean you can’t still learn and master new things. After considering how neuroplasticity works in a toddler’s brain, explore how exercise and musical training are two ways to influence the growth of new neurons and the formation of new synapses (known as neurogenesis).
Duration: 29 min

22: Do Special Neurons Enable Social Life?

From mirror neurons to von Economo cells, learn the role that special neurons might play in human social behavior. Recent breakthroughs in neuroscience have expanded our understanding of how we interact with and understand people, but myths about these special neurons abound.
Duration: 31 min

23: Is Your Brain Unprejudiced?

You might not be racist, but your brain likely is. How did neuroscientists come to this startling conclusion? And what can we, as individuals, do about it? Find out in this fascinating lecture on the neurology of prejudice, implicit and explicit biases, stereotyping, and in-group preferences.
Duration: 31 min

24: Does Technology Make You Stupid?

In this final lecture, ponder several prevalent myths about the relationship between technology and the brain. Among these: smartphones are killing our attention spans, social media is addictive (and leads us to be less social), computers make us less intelligent, and search engines are destroying our memory.
Duration: 32 min